YIELD AND STARCH CONTENT IN POTATO TUBERS IN DIFFERENT NATURAL AND CLIMATIC ZONES

In the Tyumen region (Russia), not all the reserves to increase the yield and gross production of potatoes have been used. They include science-based testing and selection of adaptive, high-yielding varieties for each natural and climatic zone. This article presents the results of testing registered varieties and promising breeding lines of potatoes in the climatic zones of the Tyumen region. The authors conducted a study of new registry varieties and selective breeding lines of potato of local selective breeding in three natural and climatic zones of the region in 2016-2020. In sub-taiga and taiga zones, the lesion of potato plants by diseases, especially viruses, decreased, the yield increased by 2-3 t/ha and more, and the starch content decreased by 1.2-2.0% compared with the northern forest-steppe zone. Besides the general trends, potato varieties and selective breeding lines in different natural and climatic zones differed in yields, starch content in tubers, and other economic traits. Potato varieties and lines adapted to the local climate with yields of 40-45 t/ha and profitability of 70-80% were identified in each zone.