Cholelithiasis and Its Management: A Clinical Study

Background: The study was carried out to investigate the clinical presentation, incidence, and variations in presentation among different age/sex groups, as well as the various modes of management of Cholelithiasis.

Methods: From October 2016 to September 2018, this study was undertaken in our hospital's department of general surgery on 50 patients who arrived with symptoms and signs suggestive of gallstones and were confirmed as Cholelithiasis based on radiological and laboratory evidence. The management of the disease, and postoperative complications and histopathological evaluation of the specimen were done and the results were correlated with various other studies.

Results: Between the ages of 17 and 79, the most people are afflicted.Almost all of the patients had dyspepsia and right hypchondrial discomfort.The diagnosis of cholelithiasis was confirmed in 100% of the patients by USG abdomen.In our study, the average age of the patients was 48 years. Gallstones of various types were the most common.Cholesterol stones are next on the list, followed by pigment stones.52% of the patients were female. All the 50 patients were treated surgically, 39 open cholecystectomy and 11 laparoscopy cholecystectomy. All 50 gall bladders sent for HPE, out of which 49 reported as chronic cholecystitis and 1 reported as adenocarcinoma.

Conclusion: Cholelithiasis is most usually found as incidental finding on ultrasonography, especially in the fourth or fifth decade of life.Surgery was planned for the symptomatic individuals after USG confirmation. The procedure of choice is laparoscopic cholecystectomy.