Development and Evaluation of Ophthalmic Drop and In-situ Gel from Roots of Boerhaavia diffusa

The present investigation deals to evaluate efficacy of ophthalmic drop and in-situ gel formulations of aqueous distillate of Boerhaavia diffusa roots using polymers sodium alginate (SA), HPMC (hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose) 15 cps and Carbopol 940 (CB). Where (SA) was used for eye drop and two in situ gels of aqueous distillate, one was using HPMC (hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose- 15 cps. And SA (sodium alginate) and another were using HPMC (hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose- 15 cps and CB (Carbopol 940). Eye drops and gels were sterilized and assessed for various parameters like clarity, pH, physical appearance, physical stability, viscosity and uniformity of drug content. The release rate from the formulation within a period of 9 h for eye drop was 80.56% and in two in-situ gels were 84.66% and 82.4% respectively. Both eye drop and ophthalmic gels obeyed zero order kinetics for drug release. The ocular irritation was carried out on male Wister rats and no redness, inflammation and increase in tear was seen. The efficacies of both formulations (eye drop and gel) were assessed using subcutaneously 0.01% w/v sodium selenite-induced cataract in male Wister rats. The result concludes that in-situ gel is more efficacious than eye drop, and was found to be more stable at ambient, refrigerator and incubated temperature. The stability of eye drop and the gels was evidenced by the degradation rate constant. Ophthalmic gel formulated by HPMC with SA and HPMC with CB, proves to be viable alternative to conventional eye drops as it offers longer precorneal residence time and excellent ocular tolerance.