First detection of the BES-type Extended-Spectrum -Lactamase produced by Enterobacteria at Saint Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

Several studies have been reported on the blaTEM, blaCTX-M and blaSHV genes in Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteria, however very few studies reported in the literature are related to blaBES in ESBL producing Enterobacteria. This study concerns the molecular epidemiology of the blaBES gene in Enterobacteria identified from in-patients and out-patients at Saint Camille hospital of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). The study was first involved microbiological identification of Enterobacteria that are implicated in antibiotic resistance using API 20 E system; the antibiotics susceptibility test was secondly performed by the diffusion method and the molecular characterization was finally made by PCR to detect the blaBES gene. Data were entered and analyzed using Excel 2013 and EPI Info version 6.0 software. A p-value < 0.05 was considered as significant. A total of 60 isolates of ESBL-producing Enterobacteria were found: 21 (35%) Escherichia coli; 18 (30%) Klebsiella pneumoniae; 6 (10%) Enterobacter cloacae; 4 (7%) Proteus mirabilis; 4 (7%) Serratia marcescens; 3 (5%) Citrobacter freundii; 1 (1.6%) Enterobacter aerogenes; 1 (1.6%) Citrobacter brakii; 1 (1.6%) Citrobacter youngae and 1 (1.6%) Salmonella arizonae. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of the blaBES gene in 38 (63.3%) of bacterial isolates carried by patients. The presence of blaBES gene in ESBL producing Enterobacteria at Saint Camille Hospital in Ouagadougou was therefore established in this study for the first time in Burkina faso.